Physical securities, also known as paper securities or tangible securities, are financial instruments that exist in a physical, paper form. These documents represent ownership or investment in a particular asset or security. In the context of investments, physical securities contrast with electronic or digital securities, which are held and transferred electronically through computerized systems.

Product development is the process of creating and improving products or services to meet the needs and demands of customers and the market. It involves a series of steps and activities that take an idea from concept to production and beyond. Product development can apply to physical products, software, services, and more.

Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) is a field that focuses on the protection of people, the environment, and the overall well-being of a community or organization. It encompasses a wide range of activities, practices, and regulations designed to ensure that workplaces, communities, and activities are conducted in a manner that minimizes negative impacts on the environment and safeguards the health and safety of individuals.

Public relations (PR) is a strategic communication process that organizations, individuals, or entities use to build and maintain a positive reputation with the public, stakeholders, and the media. The primary goal of public relations is to establish and nurture mutually beneficial relationships between the entity and its various audiences. This can include customers, employees, investors, the general public, government agencies, and other relevant parties.

Corporate privacy refers to the protection of sensitive and confidential information related to a business or organization. It encompasses various measures and practices that safeguard data, trade secrets, financial information, customer records, and other proprietary information from unauthorized access, disclosure, or theft. Corporate privacy is crucial for maintaining an organization's competitiveness, reputation, and legal compliance.

Research is a systematic and organized process of gathering information, data, and knowledge to answer questions, solve problems, or contribute to the existing body of knowledge in a particular field or area of interest. It is a fundamental activity in various disciplines, including science, social sciences, humanities, and business.

Strategy is a high-level plan or approach designed to achieve specific objectives or goals. It is a fundamental concept in various fields, including business, military, sports, and even everyday life. The core idea behind strategy is to determine how to allocate resources, make decisions, and take actions to attain a desired outcome.

Corporate communications is a broad field within business and public relations that focuses on how a company communicates its messages to various stakeholders, both internal and external. It encompasses a wide range of activities, strategies, and tools designed to manage and shape a company's public image, reputation, and relationships with different audiences.

ESG stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance, and it refers to a set of criteria that investors and organizations use to evaluate and measure the sustainability and ethical impact of a company's operations and business practices.

Operations refer to the activities and processes involved in managing and running an organization, business, or any system to achieve its goals efficiently and effectively.

Compliance refers to the act of adhering to rules, regulations, standards, laws, or guidelines that are set by an authority or governing body. It is the process of ensuring that an individual, organization, or entity follows the prescribed rules and meets the required standards and obligations.

Risk management is a systematic process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing potential risks or uncertainties that could affect an organization, project, or individual, and then taking appropriate actions to mitigate or manage those risks. The goal of risk management is to minimize the negative impact of potential events while maximizing the opportunities that may arise.

Research and development (R&D) refers to the process of investigating, experimenting, and innovating to create new products, services, or processes or improve existing ones. R&D activities are typically carried out by organizations, including businesses, government agencies, and academic institutions, to advance their knowledge and capabilities.

Customer service is a comprehensive term that refers to the support and assistance provided by a business or organization to its customers before, during, and after they make a purchase or use a product or service. It encompasses a wide range of activities and interactions aimed at ensuring customer satisfaction and addressing their needs and concerns. Effective customer service is essential for building and maintaining positive relationships with customers and fostering brand loyalty.

Law is a system of rules and regulations that are created and enforced by a governing authority, typically a government or legal system, to regulate the behavior of individuals and groups within a society.

Sales refers to the process of selling goods, services, or products to customers in exchange for money or other forms of compensation. It is a crucial function for businesses and organizations because it is the primary means by which they generate revenue and profits.

Marketing is a multifaceted business process and a set of activities designed to promote, communicate, and deliver value to customers in order to meet their needs and achieve business objectives. It encompasses a wide range of strategies, techniques, and activities aimed at creating awareness, interest, desire, and action in the target audience.

Finance is a broad field that deals with the management of money, investments, and other financial assets. It encompasses a range of activities, concepts, and processes related to the acquisition, allocation, and utilization of financial resources.

Business is a multifaceted concept that refers to the activities and processes involved in the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services to satisfy the needs and wants of individuals and organizations. It encompasses a wide range of economic, commercial, and organizational activities, and can take many forms, including small, locally-owned enterprises, large multinational corporations, non-profit organizations, and more.

Human resources (HR) refers to the department within an organization that is responsible for managing personnel, human capital, and all aspects related to the employees who work for that organization. The primary purpose of the HR department is to recruit, select, train, support, and manage employees, as well as to ensure compliance with labor laws and company policies.