Research is a systematic and organized process of gathering information, data, and knowledge to answer questions, solve problems, or contribute to the existing body of knowledge in a particular field or area of interest. It is a fundamental activity in various disciplines, including science, social sciences, humanities, and business.

Research and development (R&D) refers to the process of investigating, experimenting, and innovating to create new products, services, or processes or improve existing ones. R&D activities are typically carried out by organizations, including businesses, government agencies, and academic institutions, to advance their knowledge and capabilities.